]> nv-tegra.nvidia Code Review - linux-2.6.git/blobdiff - fs/block_dev.c
ext4: avoid hangs in ext4_da_should_update_i_disksize()
[linux-2.6.git] / fs / block_dev.c
index 1dd07e66e98acf06f0999bea1926c7799a4a67f9..1c44b8d54504e1c633774fd6befe966f0c1e7dc1 100644 (file)
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/kmod.h>
 #include <linux/major.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/device_cgroup.h>
 #include <linux/highmem.h>
 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/blkpg.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/pagevec.h>
 #include <linux/writeback.h>
 #include <linux/mpage.h>
 #include <linux/mount.h>
 #include <linux/uio.h>
 #include <linux/namei.h>
 #include <linux/log2.h>
+#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 
@@ -43,9 +44,30 @@ inline struct block_device *I_BDEV(struct inode *inode)
 {
        return &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev;
 }
-
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(I_BDEV);
 
+/*
+ * Move the inode from its current bdi to a new bdi. If the inode is dirty we
+ * need to move it onto the dirty list of @dst so that the inode is always on
+ * the right list.
+ */
+static void bdev_inode_switch_bdi(struct inode *inode,
+                       struct backing_dev_info *dst)
+{
+       struct backing_dev_info *old = inode->i_data.backing_dev_info;
+
+       if (unlikely(dst == old))               /* deadlock avoidance */
+               return;
+       bdi_lock_two(&old->wb, &dst->wb);
+       spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
+       inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = dst;
+       if (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY)
+               list_move(&inode->i_wb_list, &dst->wb.b_dirty);
+       spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+       spin_unlock(&old->wb.list_lock);
+       spin_unlock(&dst->wb.list_lock);
+}
+
 static sector_t max_block(struct block_device *bdev)
 {
        sector_t retval = ~((sector_t)0);
@@ -75,7 +97,7 @@ int set_blocksize(struct block_device *bdev, int size)
                return -EINVAL;
 
        /* Size cannot be smaller than the size supported by the device */
-       if (size < bdev_hardsect_size(bdev))
+       if (size < bdev_logical_block_size(bdev))
                return -EINVAL;
 
        /* Don't change the size if it is same as current */
@@ -105,7 +127,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(sb_set_blocksize);
 
 int sb_min_blocksize(struct super_block *sb, int size)
 {
-       int minsize = bdev_hardsect_size(sb->s_bdev);
+       int minsize = bdev_logical_block_size(sb->s_bdev);
        if (size < minsize)
                size = minsize;
        return sb_set_blocksize(sb, size);
@@ -170,9 +192,127 @@ blkdev_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
        struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
        struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
 
-       return blockdev_direct_IO_no_locking(rw, iocb, inode, I_BDEV(inode),
-                               iov, offset, nr_segs, blkdev_get_blocks, NULL);
+       return __blockdev_direct_IO(rw, iocb, inode, I_BDEV(inode), iov, offset,
+                                   nr_segs, blkdev_get_blocks, NULL, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+int __sync_blockdev(struct block_device *bdev, int wait)
+{
+       if (!bdev)
+               return 0;
+       if (!wait)
+               return filemap_flush(bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping);
+       return filemap_write_and_wait(bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write out and wait upon all the dirty data associated with a block
+ * device via its mapping.  Does not take the superblock lock.
+ */
+int sync_blockdev(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+       return __sync_blockdev(bdev, 1);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(sync_blockdev);
+
+/*
+ * Write out and wait upon all dirty data associated with this
+ * device.   Filesystem data as well as the underlying block
+ * device.  Takes the superblock lock.
+ */
+int fsync_bdev(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = get_super(bdev);
+       if (sb) {
+               int res = sync_filesystem(sb);
+               drop_super(sb);
+               return res;
+       }
+       return sync_blockdev(bdev);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(fsync_bdev);
+
+/**
+ * freeze_bdev  --  lock a filesystem and force it into a consistent state
+ * @bdev:      blockdevice to lock
+ *
+ * If a superblock is found on this device, we take the s_umount semaphore
+ * on it to make sure nobody unmounts until the snapshot creation is done.
+ * The reference counter (bd_fsfreeze_count) guarantees that only the last
+ * unfreeze process can unfreeze the frozen filesystem actually when multiple
+ * freeze requests arrive simultaneously. It counts up in freeze_bdev() and
+ * count down in thaw_bdev(). When it becomes 0, thaw_bdev() will unfreeze
+ * actually.
+ */
+struct super_block *freeze_bdev(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb;
+       int error = 0;
+
+       mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
+       if (++bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count > 1) {
+               /*
+                * We don't even need to grab a reference - the first call
+                * to freeze_bdev grab an active reference and only the last
+                * thaw_bdev drops it.
+                */
+               sb = get_super(bdev);
+               drop_super(sb);
+               mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
+               return sb;
+       }
+
+       sb = get_active_super(bdev);
+       if (!sb)
+               goto out;
+       error = freeze_super(sb);
+       if (error) {
+               deactivate_super(sb);
+               bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count--;
+               mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
+               return ERR_PTR(error);
+       }
+       deactivate_super(sb);
+ out:
+       sync_blockdev(bdev);
+       mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
+       return sb;      /* thaw_bdev releases s->s_umount */
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(freeze_bdev);
+
+/**
+ * thaw_bdev  -- unlock filesystem
+ * @bdev:      blockdevice to unlock
+ * @sb:                associated superblock
+ *
+ * Unlocks the filesystem and marks it writeable again after freeze_bdev().
+ */
+int thaw_bdev(struct block_device *bdev, struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       int error = -EINVAL;
+
+       mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
+       if (!bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count)
+               goto out;
+
+       error = 0;
+       if (--bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count > 0)
+               goto out;
+
+       if (!sb)
+               goto out;
+
+       error = thaw_super(sb);
+       if (error) {
+               bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count++;
+               mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
+               return error;
+       }
+out:
+       mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
+       return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(thaw_bdev);
 
 static int blkdev_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
 {
@@ -188,9 +328,8 @@ static int blkdev_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
                        loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags,
                        struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
 {
-       *pagep = NULL;
-       return block_write_begin(file, mapping, pos, len, flags, pagep, fsdata,
-                               blkdev_get_block);
+       return block_write_begin(mapping, pos, len, flags, pagep,
+                                blkdev_get_block);
 }
 
 static int blkdev_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
@@ -220,33 +359,51 @@ static loff_t block_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int origin)
        mutex_lock(&bd_inode->i_mutex);
        size = i_size_read(bd_inode);
 
+       retval = -EINVAL;
        switch (origin) {
-               case 2:
+               case SEEK_END:
                        offset += size;
                        break;
-               case 1:
+               case SEEK_CUR:
                        offset += file->f_pos;
+               case SEEK_SET:
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       goto out;
        }
-       retval = -EINVAL;
        if (offset >= 0 && offset <= size) {
                if (offset != file->f_pos) {
                        file->f_pos = offset;
                }
                retval = offset;
        }
+out:
        mutex_unlock(&bd_inode->i_mutex);
        return retval;
 }
        
-/*
- *     Filp is never NULL; the only case when ->fsync() is called with
- *     NULL first argument is nfsd_sync_dir() and that's not a directory.
- */
-static int block_fsync(struct file *filp, struct dentry *dentry, int datasync)
+int blkdev_fsync(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync)
 {
-       return sync_blockdev(I_BDEV(filp->f_mapping->host));
+       struct inode *bd_inode = filp->f_mapping->host;
+       struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(bd_inode);
+       int error;
+       
+       error = filemap_write_and_wait_range(filp->f_mapping, start, end);
+       if (error)
+               return error;
+
+       /*
+        * There is no need to serialise calls to blkdev_issue_flush with
+        * i_mutex and doing so causes performance issues with concurrent
+        * O_SYNC writers to a block device.
+        */
+       error = blkdev_issue_flush(bdev, GFP_KERNEL, NULL);
+       if (error == -EOPNOTSUPP)
+               error = 0;
+
+       return error;
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_fsync);
 
 /*
  * pseudo-fs
@@ -263,14 +420,20 @@ static struct inode *bdev_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
        return &ei->vfs_inode;
 }
 
-static void bdev_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
+static void bdev_i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
 {
+       struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
        struct bdev_inode *bdi = BDEV_I(inode);
 
-       bdi->bdev.bd_inode_backing_dev_info = NULL;
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_dentry);
        kmem_cache_free(bdev_cachep, bdi);
 }
 
+static void bdev_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, bdev_i_callback);
+}
+
 static void init_once(void *foo)
 {
        struct bdev_inode *ei = (struct bdev_inode *) foo;
@@ -278,13 +441,14 @@ static void init_once(void *foo)
 
        memset(bdev, 0, sizeof(*bdev));
        mutex_init(&bdev->bd_mutex);
-       sema_init(&bdev->bd_mount_sem, 1);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_inodes);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_list);
 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_holder_list);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_holder_disks);
 #endif
        inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode);
+       /* Initialize mutex for freeze. */
+       mutex_init(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex);
 }
 
 static inline void __bd_forget(struct inode *inode)
@@ -294,10 +458,13 @@ static inline void __bd_forget(struct inode *inode)
        inode->i_mapping = &inode->i_data;
 }
 
-static void bdev_clear_inode(struct inode *inode)
+static void bdev_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
 {
        struct block_device *bdev = &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev;
        struct list_head *p;
+       truncate_inode_pages(&inode->i_data, 0);
+       invalidate_inode_buffers(inode); /* is it needed here? */
+       end_writeback(inode);
        spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
        while ( (p = bdev->bd_inodes.next) != &bdev->bd_inodes ) {
                __bd_forget(list_entry(p, struct inode, i_devices));
@@ -311,18 +478,18 @@ static const struct super_operations bdev_sops = {
        .alloc_inode = bdev_alloc_inode,
        .destroy_inode = bdev_destroy_inode,
        .drop_inode = generic_delete_inode,
-       .clear_inode = bdev_clear_inode,
+       .evict_inode = bdev_evict_inode,
 };
 
-static int bd_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
-       int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
+static struct dentry *bd_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
+       int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data)
 {
-       return get_sb_pseudo(fs_type, "bdev:", &bdev_sops, 0x62646576, mnt);
+       return mount_pseudo(fs_type, "bdev:", &bdev_sops, NULL, 0x62646576);
 }
 
 static struct file_system_type bd_type = {
        .name           = "bdev",
-       .get_sb         = bd_get_sb,
+       .mount          = bd_mount,
        .kill_sb        = kill_anon_super,
 };
 
@@ -343,6 +510,11 @@ void __init bdev_cache_init(void)
        bd_mnt = kern_mount(&bd_type);
        if (IS_ERR(bd_mnt))
                panic("Cannot create bdev pseudo-fs");
+       /*
+        * This vfsmount structure is only used to obtain the
+        * blockdev_superblock, so tell kmemleak not to report it.
+        */
+       kmemleak_not_leak(bd_mnt);
        blockdev_superblock = bd_mnt->mnt_sb;   /* For writeback */
 }
 
@@ -384,6 +556,7 @@ struct block_device *bdget(dev_t dev)
 
        if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
                bdev->bd_contains = NULL;
+               bdev->bd_super = NULL;
                bdev->bd_inode = inode;
                bdev->bd_block_size = (1 << inode->i_blkbits);
                bdev->bd_part_count = 0;
@@ -404,6 +577,16 @@ struct block_device *bdget(dev_t dev)
 
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdget);
 
+/**
+ * bdgrab -- Grab a reference to an already referenced block device
+ * @bdev:      Block device to grab a reference to.
+ */
+struct block_device *bdgrab(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+       ihold(bdev->bd_inode);
+       return bdev;
+}
+
 long nr_blockdev_pages(void)
 {
        struct block_device *bdev;
@@ -430,7 +613,7 @@ static struct block_device *bd_acquire(struct inode *inode)
        spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
        bdev = inode->i_bdev;
        if (bdev) {
-               atomic_inc(&bdev->bd_inode->i_count);
+               ihold(bdev->bd_inode);
                spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
                return bdev;
        }
@@ -441,12 +624,12 @@ static struct block_device *bd_acquire(struct inode *inode)
                spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
                if (!inode->i_bdev) {
                        /*
-                        * We take an additional bd_inode->i_count for inode,
+                        * We take an additional reference to bd_inode,
                         * and it's released in clear_inode() of inode.
                         * So, we can access it via ->i_mapping always
                         * without igrab().
                         */
-                       atomic_inc(&bdev->bd_inode->i_count);
+                       ihold(bdev->bd_inode);
                        inode->i_bdev = bdev;
                        inode->i_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
                        list_add(&inode->i_devices, &bdev->bd_inodes);
@@ -474,396 +657,310 @@ void bd_forget(struct inode *inode)
                iput(bdev->bd_inode);
 }
 
-int bd_claim(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder)
+/**
+ * bd_may_claim - test whether a block device can be claimed
+ * @bdev: block device of interest
+ * @whole: whole block device containing @bdev, may equal @bdev
+ * @holder: holder trying to claim @bdev
+ *
+ * Test whether @bdev can be claimed by @holder.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * spin_lock(&bdev_lock).
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * %true if @bdev can be claimed, %false otherwise.
+ */
+static bool bd_may_claim(struct block_device *bdev, struct block_device *whole,
+                        void *holder)
 {
-       int res;
-       spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
-
-       /* first decide result */
        if (bdev->bd_holder == holder)
-               res = 0;         /* already a holder */
+               return true;     /* already a holder */
        else if (bdev->bd_holder != NULL)
-               res = -EBUSY;    /* held by someone else */
+               return false;    /* held by someone else */
        else if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev)
-               res = 0;         /* is a whole device which isn't held */
+               return true;     /* is a whole device which isn't held */
 
-       else if (bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder == bd_claim)
-               res = 0;         /* is a partition of a device that is being partitioned */
-       else if (bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder != NULL)
-               res = -EBUSY;    /* is a partition of a held device */
+       else if (whole->bd_holder == bd_may_claim)
+               return true;     /* is a partition of a device that is being partitioned */
+       else if (whole->bd_holder != NULL)
+               return false;    /* is a partition of a held device */
        else
-               res = 0;         /* is a partition of an un-held device */
-
-       /* now impose change */
-       if (res==0) {
-               /* note that for a whole device bd_holders
-                * will be incremented twice, and bd_holder will
-                * be set to bd_claim before being set to holder
-                */
-               bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders ++;
-               bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder = bd_claim;
-               bdev->bd_holders++;
-               bdev->bd_holder = holder;
-       }
-       spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
-       return res;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(bd_claim);
-
-void bd_release(struct block_device *bdev)
-{
-       spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
-       if (!--bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders)
-               bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder = NULL;
-       if (!--bdev->bd_holders)
-               bdev->bd_holder = NULL;
-       spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+               return true;     /* is a partition of an un-held device */
 }
 
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(bd_release);
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
-/*
- * Functions for bd_claim_by_kobject / bd_release_from_kobject
+/**
+ * bd_prepare_to_claim - prepare to claim a block device
+ * @bdev: block device of interest
+ * @whole: the whole device containing @bdev, may equal @bdev
+ * @holder: holder trying to claim @bdev
+ *
+ * Prepare to claim @bdev.  This function fails if @bdev is already
+ * claimed by another holder and waits if another claiming is in
+ * progress.  This function doesn't actually claim.  On successful
+ * return, the caller has ownership of bd_claiming and bd_holder[s].
  *
- *     If a kobject is passed to bd_claim_by_kobject()
- *     and the kobject has a parent directory,
- *     following symlinks are created:
- *        o from the kobject to the claimed bdev
- *        o from "holders" directory of the bdev to the parent of the kobject
- *     bd_release_from_kobject() removes these symlinks.
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * spin_lock(&bdev_lock).  Might release bdev_lock, sleep and regrab
+ * it multiple times.
  *
- *     Example:
- *        If /dev/dm-0 maps to /dev/sda, kobject corresponding to
- *        /sys/block/dm-0/slaves is passed to bd_claim_by_kobject(), then:
- *           /sys/block/dm-0/slaves/sda --> /sys/block/sda
- *           /sys/block/sda/holders/dm-0 --> /sys/block/dm-0
+ * RETURNS:
+ * 0 if @bdev can be claimed, -EBUSY otherwise.
  */
-
-static int add_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to)
+static int bd_prepare_to_claim(struct block_device *bdev,
+                              struct block_device *whole, void *holder)
 {
-       if (!from || !to)
-               return 0;
-       return sysfs_create_link(from, to, kobject_name(to));
-}
+retry:
+       /* if someone else claimed, fail */
+       if (!bd_may_claim(bdev, whole, holder))
+               return -EBUSY;
 
-static void del_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to)
-{
-       if (!from || !to)
-               return;
-       sysfs_remove_link(from, kobject_name(to));
-}
+       /* if claiming is already in progress, wait for it to finish */
+       if (whole->bd_claiming) {
+               wait_queue_head_t *wq = bit_waitqueue(&whole->bd_claiming, 0);
+               DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
 
-/*
- * 'struct bd_holder' contains pointers to kobjects symlinked by
- * bd_claim_by_kobject.
- * It's connected to bd_holder_list which is protected by bdev->bd_sem.
- */
-struct bd_holder {
-       struct list_head list;  /* chain of holders of the bdev */
-       int count;              /* references from the holder */
-       struct kobject *sdir;   /* holder object, e.g. "/block/dm-0/slaves" */
-       struct kobject *hdev;   /* e.g. "/block/dm-0" */
-       struct kobject *hdir;   /* e.g. "/block/sda/holders" */
-       struct kobject *sdev;   /* e.g. "/block/sda" */
-};
+               prepare_to_wait(wq, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+               spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+               schedule();
+               finish_wait(wq, &wait);
+               spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
+               goto retry;
+       }
 
-/*
- * Get references of related kobjects at once.
- * Returns 1 on success. 0 on failure.
+       /* yay, all mine */
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * bd_start_claiming - start claiming a block device
+ * @bdev: block device of interest
+ * @holder: holder trying to claim @bdev
+ *
+ * @bdev is about to be opened exclusively.  Check @bdev can be opened
+ * exclusively and mark that an exclusive open is in progress.  Each
+ * successful call to this function must be matched with a call to
+ * either bd_finish_claiming() or bd_abort_claiming() (which do not
+ * fail).
+ *
+ * This function is used to gain exclusive access to the block device
+ * without actually causing other exclusive open attempts to fail. It
+ * should be used when the open sequence itself requires exclusive
+ * access but may subsequently fail.
  *
- * Should call bd_holder_release_dirs() after successful use.
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * Pointer to the block device containing @bdev on success, ERR_PTR()
+ * value on failure.
  */
-static int bd_holder_grab_dirs(struct block_device *bdev,
-                       struct bd_holder *bo)
+static struct block_device *bd_start_claiming(struct block_device *bdev,
+                                             void *holder)
 {
-       if (!bdev || !bo)
-               return 0;
-
-       bo->sdir = kobject_get(bo->sdir);
-       if (!bo->sdir)
-               return 0;
+       struct gendisk *disk;
+       struct block_device *whole;
+       int partno, err;
 
-       bo->hdev = kobject_get(bo->sdir->parent);
-       if (!bo->hdev)
-               goto fail_put_sdir;
+       might_sleep();
 
-       bo->sdev = kobject_get(&part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj);
-       if (!bo->sdev)
-               goto fail_put_hdev;
+       /*
+        * @bdev might not have been initialized properly yet, look up
+        * and grab the outer block device the hard way.
+        */
+       disk = get_gendisk(bdev->bd_dev, &partno);
+       if (!disk)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENXIO);
 
-       bo->hdir = kobject_get(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir);
-       if (!bo->hdir)
-               goto fail_put_sdev;
+       /*
+        * Normally, @bdev should equal what's returned from bdget_disk()
+        * if partno is 0; however, some drivers (floppy) use multiple
+        * bdev's for the same physical device and @bdev may be one of the
+        * aliases.  Keep @bdev if partno is 0.  This means claimer
+        * tracking is broken for those devices but it has always been that
+        * way.
+        */
+       if (partno)
+               whole = bdget_disk(disk, 0);
+       else
+               whole = bdgrab(bdev);
 
-       return 1;
+       module_put(disk->fops->owner);
+       put_disk(disk);
+       if (!whole)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
-fail_put_sdev:
-       kobject_put(bo->sdev);
-fail_put_hdev:
-       kobject_put(bo->hdev);
-fail_put_sdir:
-       kobject_put(bo->sdir);
+       /* prepare to claim, if successful, mark claiming in progress */
+       spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
 
-       return 0;
+       err = bd_prepare_to_claim(bdev, whole, holder);
+       if (err == 0) {
+               whole->bd_claiming = holder;
+               spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+               return whole;
+       } else {
+               spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+               bdput(whole);
+               return ERR_PTR(err);
+       }
 }
 
-/* Put references of related kobjects at once. */
-static void bd_holder_release_dirs(struct bd_holder *bo)
-{
-       kobject_put(bo->hdir);
-       kobject_put(bo->sdev);
-       kobject_put(bo->hdev);
-       kobject_put(bo->sdir);
-}
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
+struct bd_holder_disk {
+       struct list_head        list;
+       struct gendisk          *disk;
+       int                     refcnt;
+};
 
-static struct bd_holder *alloc_bd_holder(struct kobject *kobj)
+static struct bd_holder_disk *bd_find_holder_disk(struct block_device *bdev,
+                                                 struct gendisk *disk)
 {
-       struct bd_holder *bo;
+       struct bd_holder_disk *holder;
 
-       bo = kzalloc(sizeof(*bo), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!bo)
-               return NULL;
-
-       bo->count = 1;
-       bo->sdir = kobj;
-
-       return bo;
+       list_for_each_entry(holder, &bdev->bd_holder_disks, list)
+               if (holder->disk == disk)
+                       return holder;
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static void free_bd_holder(struct bd_holder *bo)
+static int add_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to)
 {
-       kfree(bo);
+       return sysfs_create_link(from, to, kobject_name(to));
 }
 
-/**
- * find_bd_holder - find matching struct bd_holder from the block device
- *
- * @bdev:      struct block device to be searched
- * @bo:                target struct bd_holder
- *
- * Returns matching entry with @bo in @bdev->bd_holder_list.
- * If found, increment the reference count and return the pointer.
- * If not found, returns NULL.
- */
-static struct bd_holder *find_bd_holder(struct block_device *bdev,
-                                       struct bd_holder *bo)
+static void del_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to)
 {
-       struct bd_holder *tmp;
-
-       list_for_each_entry(tmp, &bdev->bd_holder_list, list)
-               if (tmp->sdir == bo->sdir) {
-                       tmp->count++;
-                       return tmp;
-               }
-
-       return NULL;
+       sysfs_remove_link(from, kobject_name(to));
 }
 
 /**
- * add_bd_holder - create sysfs symlinks for bd_claim() relationship
+ * bd_link_disk_holder - create symlinks between holding disk and slave bdev
+ * @bdev: the claimed slave bdev
+ * @disk: the holding disk
  *
- * @bdev:      block device to be bd_claimed
- * @bo:                preallocated and initialized by alloc_bd_holder()
+ * DON'T USE THIS UNLESS YOU'RE ALREADY USING IT.
  *
- * Add @bo to @bdev->bd_holder_list, create symlinks.
+ * This functions creates the following sysfs symlinks.
  *
- * Returns 0 if symlinks are created.
- * Returns -ve if something fails.
+ * - from "slaves" directory of the holder @disk to the claimed @bdev
+ * - from "holders" directory of the @bdev to the holder @disk
+ *
+ * For example, if /dev/dm-0 maps to /dev/sda and disk for dm-0 is
+ * passed to bd_link_disk_holder(), then:
+ *
+ *   /sys/block/dm-0/slaves/sda --> /sys/block/sda
+ *   /sys/block/sda/holders/dm-0 --> /sys/block/dm-0
+ *
+ * The caller must have claimed @bdev before calling this function and
+ * ensure that both @bdev and @disk are valid during the creation and
+ * lifetime of these symlinks.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * 0 on success, -errno on failure.
  */
-static int add_bd_holder(struct block_device *bdev, struct bd_holder *bo)
+int bd_link_disk_holder(struct block_device *bdev, struct gendisk *disk)
 {
-       int err;
+       struct bd_holder_disk *holder;
+       int ret = 0;
 
-       if (!bo)
-               return -EINVAL;
+       mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
 
-       if (!bd_holder_grab_dirs(bdev, bo))
-               return -EBUSY;
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(!bdev->bd_holder);
 
-       err = add_symlink(bo->sdir, bo->sdev);
-       if (err)
-               return err;
+       /* FIXME: remove the following once add_disk() handles errors */
+       if (WARN_ON(!disk->slave_dir || !bdev->bd_part->holder_dir))
+               goto out_unlock;
 
-       err = add_symlink(bo->hdir, bo->hdev);
-       if (err) {
-               del_symlink(bo->sdir, bo->sdev);
-               return err;
+       holder = bd_find_holder_disk(bdev, disk);
+       if (holder) {
+               holder->refcnt++;
+               goto out_unlock;
        }
 
-       list_add_tail(&bo->list, &bdev->bd_holder_list);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * del_bd_holder - delete sysfs symlinks for bd_claim() relationship
- *
- * @bdev:      block device to be bd_claimed
- * @kobj:      holder's kobject
- *
- * If there is matching entry with @kobj in @bdev->bd_holder_list
- * and no other bd_claim() from the same kobject,
- * remove the struct bd_holder from the list, delete symlinks for it.
- *
- * Returns a pointer to the struct bd_holder when it's removed from the list
- * and ready to be freed.
- * Returns NULL if matching claim isn't found or there is other bd_claim()
- * by the same kobject.
- */
-static struct bd_holder *del_bd_holder(struct block_device *bdev,
-                                       struct kobject *kobj)
-{
-       struct bd_holder *bo;
-
-       list_for_each_entry(bo, &bdev->bd_holder_list, list) {
-               if (bo->sdir == kobj) {
-                       bo->count--;
-                       BUG_ON(bo->count < 0);
-                       if (!bo->count) {
-                               list_del(&bo->list);
-                               del_symlink(bo->sdir, bo->sdev);
-                               del_symlink(bo->hdir, bo->hdev);
-                               bd_holder_release_dirs(bo);
-                               return bo;
-                       }
-                       break;
-               }
+       holder = kzalloc(sizeof(*holder), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!holder) {
+               ret = -ENOMEM;
+               goto out_unlock;
        }
 
-       return NULL;
-}
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&holder->list);
+       holder->disk = disk;
+       holder->refcnt = 1;
 
-/**
- * bd_claim_by_kobject - bd_claim() with additional kobject signature
- *
- * @bdev:      block device to be claimed
- * @holder:    holder's signature
- * @kobj:      holder's kobject
- *
- * Do bd_claim() and if it succeeds, create sysfs symlinks between
- * the bdev and the holder's kobject.
- * Use bd_release_from_kobject() when relesing the claimed bdev.
- *
- * Returns 0 on success. (same as bd_claim())
- * Returns errno on failure.
- */
-static int bd_claim_by_kobject(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder,
-                               struct kobject *kobj)
-{
-       int err;
-       struct bd_holder *bo, *found;
+       ret = add_symlink(disk->slave_dir, &part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out_free;
 
-       if (!kobj)
-               return -EINVAL;
-
-       bo = alloc_bd_holder(kobj);
-       if (!bo)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
-
-       err = bd_claim(bdev, holder);
-       if (err)
-               goto fail;
+       ret = add_symlink(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir, &disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out_del;
+       /*
+        * bdev could be deleted beneath us which would implicitly destroy
+        * the holder directory.  Hold on to it.
+        */
+       kobject_get(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir);
 
-       found = find_bd_holder(bdev, bo);
-       if (found)
-               goto fail;
+       list_add(&holder->list, &bdev->bd_holder_disks);
+       goto out_unlock;
 
-       err = add_bd_holder(bdev, bo);
-       if (err)
-               bd_release(bdev);
-       else
-               bo = NULL;
-fail:
+out_del:
+       del_symlink(disk->slave_dir, &part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj);
+out_free:
+       kfree(holder);
+out_unlock:
        mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
-       free_bd_holder(bo);
-       return err;
+       return ret;
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_link_disk_holder);
 
 /**
- * bd_release_from_kobject - bd_release() with additional kobject signature
+ * bd_unlink_disk_holder - destroy symlinks created by bd_link_disk_holder()
+ * @bdev: the calimed slave bdev
+ * @disk: the holding disk
  *
- * @bdev:      block device to be released
- * @kobj:      holder's kobject
+ * DON'T USE THIS UNLESS YOU'RE ALREADY USING IT.
  *
- * Do bd_release() and remove sysfs symlinks created by bd_claim_by_kobject().
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
  */
-static void bd_release_from_kobject(struct block_device *bdev,
-                                       struct kobject *kobj)
+void bd_unlink_disk_holder(struct block_device *bdev, struct gendisk *disk)
 {
-       if (!kobj)
-               return;
+       struct bd_holder_disk *holder;
 
        mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
-       bd_release(bdev);
-       free_bd_holder(del_bd_holder(bdev, kobj));
-       mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
-}
 
-/**
- * bd_claim_by_disk - wrapper function for bd_claim_by_kobject()
- *
- * @bdev:      block device to be claimed
- * @holder:    holder's signature
- * @disk:      holder's gendisk
- *
- * Call bd_claim_by_kobject() with getting @disk->slave_dir.
- */
-int bd_claim_by_disk(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder,
-                       struct gendisk *disk)
-{
-       return bd_claim_by_kobject(bdev, holder, kobject_get(disk->slave_dir));
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_claim_by_disk);
+       holder = bd_find_holder_disk(bdev, disk);
 
-/**
- * bd_release_from_disk - wrapper function for bd_release_from_kobject()
- *
- * @bdev:      block device to be claimed
- * @disk:      holder's gendisk
- *
- * Call bd_release_from_kobject() and put @disk->slave_dir.
- */
-void bd_release_from_disk(struct block_device *bdev, struct gendisk *disk)
-{
-       bd_release_from_kobject(bdev, disk->slave_dir);
-       kobject_put(disk->slave_dir);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_release_from_disk);
-#endif
+       if (!WARN_ON_ONCE(holder == NULL) && !--holder->refcnt) {
+               del_symlink(disk->slave_dir, &part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj);
+               del_symlink(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir,
+                           &disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
+               kobject_put(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir);
+               list_del_init(&holder->list);
+               kfree(holder);
+       }
 
-/*
- * Tries to open block device by device number.  Use it ONLY if you
- * really do not have anything better - i.e. when you are behind a
- * truly sucky interface and all you are given is a device number.  _Never_
- * to be used for internal purposes.  If you ever need it - reconsider
- * your API.
- */
-struct block_device *open_by_devnum(dev_t dev, fmode_t mode)
-{
-       struct block_device *bdev = bdget(dev);
-       int err = -ENOMEM;
-       if (bdev)
-               err = blkdev_get(bdev, mode);
-       return err ? ERR_PTR(err) : bdev;
+       mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
 }
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(open_by_devnum);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_unlink_disk_holder);
+#endif
 
 /**
  * flush_disk - invalidates all buffer-cache entries on a disk
  *
  * @bdev:      struct block device to be flushed
+ * @kill_dirty: flag to guide handling of dirty inodes
  *
  * Invalidates all buffer-cache entries on a disk. It should be called
  * when a disk has been changed -- either by a media change or online
  * resize.
  */
-static void flush_disk(struct block_device *bdev)
+static void flush_disk(struct block_device *bdev, bool kill_dirty)
 {
-       if (__invalidate_device(bdev)) {
+       if (__invalidate_device(bdev, kill_dirty)) {
                char name[BDEVNAME_SIZE] = "";
 
                if (bdev->bd_disk)
@@ -900,7 +997,7 @@ void check_disk_size_change(struct gendisk *disk, struct block_device *bdev)
                       "%s: detected capacity change from %lld to %lld\n",
                       name, bdev_size, disk_size);
                i_size_write(bdev->bd_inode, disk_size);
-               flush_disk(bdev);
+               flush_disk(bdev, false);
        }
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(check_disk_size_change);
@@ -945,14 +1042,15 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(revalidate_disk);
 int check_disk_change(struct block_device *bdev)
 {
        struct gendisk *disk = bdev->bd_disk;
-       struct block_device_operations * bdops = disk->fops;
+       const struct block_device_operations *bdops = disk->fops;
+       unsigned int events;
 
-       if (!bdops->media_changed)
-               return 0;
-       if (!bdops->media_changed(bdev->bd_disk))
+       events = disk_clear_events(disk, DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE |
+                                  DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST);
+       if (!(events & DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE))
                return 0;
 
-       flush_disk(bdev);
+       flush_disk(bdev, true);
        if (bdops->revalidate_disk)
                bdops->revalidate_disk(bdev->bd_disk);
        return 1;
@@ -962,7 +1060,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(check_disk_change);
 
 void bd_set_size(struct block_device *bdev, loff_t size)
 {
-       unsigned bsize = bdev_hardsect_size(bdev);
+       unsigned bsize = bdev_logical_block_size(bdev);
 
        bdev->bd_inode->i_size = size;
        while (bsize < PAGE_CACHE_SIZE) {
@@ -987,6 +1085,7 @@ static int __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part);
 static int __blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
 {
        struct gendisk *disk;
+       struct module *owner;
        int ret;
        int partno;
        int perm = 0;
@@ -998,19 +1097,23 @@ static int __blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
        /*
         * hooks: /n/, see "layering violations".
         */
-       ret = devcgroup_inode_permission(bdev->bd_inode, perm);
-       if (ret != 0) {
-               bdput(bdev);
-               return ret;
+       if (!for_part) {
+               ret = devcgroup_inode_permission(bdev->bd_inode, perm);
+               if (ret != 0) {
+                       bdput(bdev);
+                       return ret;
+               }
        }
 
-       lock_kernel();
+ restart:
 
        ret = -ENXIO;
        disk = get_gendisk(bdev->bd_dev, &partno);
        if (!disk)
-               goto out_unlock_kernel;
+               goto out;
+       owner = disk->fops->owner;
 
+       disk_block_events(disk);
        mutex_lock_nested(&bdev->bd_mutex, for_part);
        if (!bdev->bd_openers) {
                bdev->bd_disk = disk;
@@ -1023,20 +1126,43 @@ static int __blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
                        if (!bdev->bd_part)
                                goto out_clear;
 
+                       ret = 0;
                        if (disk->fops->open) {
                                ret = disk->fops->open(bdev, mode);
-                               if (ret)
-                                       goto out_clear;
+                               if (ret == -ERESTARTSYS) {
+                                       /* Lost a race with 'disk' being
+                                        * deleted, try again.
+                                        * See md.c
+                                        */
+                                       disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part);
+                                       bdev->bd_part = NULL;
+                                       bdev->bd_disk = NULL;
+                                       mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
+                                       disk_unblock_events(disk);
+                                       put_disk(disk);
+                                       module_put(owner);
+                                       goto restart;
+                               }
                        }
-                       if (!bdev->bd_openers) {
+
+                       if (!ret && !bdev->bd_openers) {
                                bd_set_size(bdev,(loff_t)get_capacity(disk)<<9);
                                bdi = blk_get_backing_dev_info(bdev);
                                if (bdi == NULL)
                                        bdi = &default_backing_dev_info;
-                               bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = bdi;
+                               bdev_inode_switch_bdi(bdev->bd_inode, bdi);
                        }
-                       if (bdev->bd_invalidated)
+
+                       /*
+                        * If the device is invalidated, rescan partition
+                        * if open succeeded or failed with -ENOMEDIUM.
+                        * The latter is necessary to prevent ghost
+                        * partitions on a removed medium.
+                        */
+                       if (bdev->bd_invalidated && (!ret || ret == -ENOMEDIUM))
                                rescan_partitions(disk, bdev);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_clear;
                } else {
                        struct block_device *whole;
                        whole = bdget_disk(disk, 0);
@@ -1048,8 +1174,8 @@ static int __blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
                        if (ret)
                                goto out_clear;
                        bdev->bd_contains = whole;
-                       bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info =
-                          whole->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info;
+                       bdev_inode_switch_bdi(bdev->bd_inode,
+                               whole->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info);
                        bdev->bd_part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
                        if (!(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_UP) ||
                            !bdev->bd_part || !bdev->bd_part->nr_sects) {
@@ -1059,57 +1185,213 @@ static int __blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
                        bd_set_size(bdev, (loff_t)bdev->bd_part->nr_sects << 9);
                }
        } else {
-               put_disk(disk);
-               module_put(disk->fops->owner);
-               disk = NULL;
                if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev) {
-                       if (bdev->bd_disk->fops->open) {
+                       ret = 0;
+                       if (bdev->bd_disk->fops->open)
                                ret = bdev->bd_disk->fops->open(bdev, mode);
-                               if (ret)
-                                       goto out_unlock_bdev;
-                       }
-                       if (bdev->bd_invalidated)
+                       /* the same as first opener case, read comment there */
+                       if (bdev->bd_invalidated && (!ret || ret == -ENOMEDIUM))
                                rescan_partitions(bdev->bd_disk, bdev);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_unlock_bdev;
                }
+               /* only one opener holds refs to the module and disk */
+               put_disk(disk);
+               module_put(owner);
        }
        bdev->bd_openers++;
        if (for_part)
                bdev->bd_part_count++;
        mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
-       unlock_kernel();
+       disk_unblock_events(disk);
        return 0;
 
  out_clear:
        disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part);
        bdev->bd_disk = NULL;
        bdev->bd_part = NULL;
-       bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = &default_backing_dev_info;
+       bdev_inode_switch_bdi(bdev->bd_inode, &default_backing_dev_info);
        if (bdev != bdev->bd_contains)
                __blkdev_put(bdev->bd_contains, mode, 1);
        bdev->bd_contains = NULL;
  out_unlock_bdev:
        mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
- out_unlock_kernel:
-       unlock_kernel();
-
-       if (disk)
-               module_put(disk->fops->owner);
+       disk_unblock_events(disk);
        put_disk(disk);
+       module_put(owner);
+ out:
        bdput(bdev);
 
        return ret;
 }
 
-int blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
+/**
+ * blkdev_get - open a block device
+ * @bdev: block_device to open
+ * @mode: FMODE_* mask
+ * @holder: exclusive holder identifier
+ *
+ * Open @bdev with @mode.  If @mode includes %FMODE_EXCL, @bdev is
+ * open with exclusive access.  Specifying %FMODE_EXCL with %NULL
+ * @holder is invalid.  Exclusive opens may nest for the same @holder.
+ *
+ * On success, the reference count of @bdev is unchanged.  On failure,
+ * @bdev is put.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * 0 on success, -errno on failure.
+ */
+int blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, void *holder)
 {
-       return __blkdev_get(bdev, mode, 0);
+       struct block_device *whole = NULL;
+       int res;
+
+       WARN_ON_ONCE((mode & FMODE_EXCL) && !holder);
+
+       if ((mode & FMODE_EXCL) && holder) {
+               whole = bd_start_claiming(bdev, holder);
+               if (IS_ERR(whole)) {
+                       bdput(bdev);
+                       return PTR_ERR(whole);
+               }
+       }
+
+       res = __blkdev_get(bdev, mode, 0);
+
+       if (whole) {
+               struct gendisk *disk = whole->bd_disk;
+
+               /* finish claiming */
+               mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
+               spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
+
+               if (!res) {
+                       BUG_ON(!bd_may_claim(bdev, whole, holder));
+                       /*
+                        * Note that for a whole device bd_holders
+                        * will be incremented twice, and bd_holder
+                        * will be set to bd_may_claim before being
+                        * set to holder
+                        */
+                       whole->bd_holders++;
+                       whole->bd_holder = bd_may_claim;
+                       bdev->bd_holders++;
+                       bdev->bd_holder = holder;
+               }
+
+               /* tell others that we're done */
+               BUG_ON(whole->bd_claiming != holder);
+               whole->bd_claiming = NULL;
+               wake_up_bit(&whole->bd_claiming, 0);
+
+               spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+
+               /*
+                * Block event polling for write claims if requested.  Any
+                * write holder makes the write_holder state stick until
+                * all are released.  This is good enough and tracking
+                * individual writeable reference is too fragile given the
+                * way @mode is used in blkdev_get/put().
+                */
+               if (!res && (mode & FMODE_WRITE) && !bdev->bd_write_holder &&
+                   (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_BLOCK_EVENTS_ON_EXCL_WRITE)) {
+                       bdev->bd_write_holder = true;
+                       disk_block_events(disk);
+               }
+
+               mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
+               bdput(whole);
+       }
+
+       return res;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_get);
 
+/**
+ * blkdev_get_by_path - open a block device by name
+ * @path: path to the block device to open
+ * @mode: FMODE_* mask
+ * @holder: exclusive holder identifier
+ *
+ * Open the blockdevice described by the device file at @path.  @mode
+ * and @holder are identical to blkdev_get().
+ *
+ * On success, the returned block_device has reference count of one.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * Pointer to block_device on success, ERR_PTR(-errno) on failure.
+ */
+struct block_device *blkdev_get_by_path(const char *path, fmode_t mode,
+                                       void *holder)
+{
+       struct block_device *bdev;
+       int err;
+
+       bdev = lookup_bdev(path);
+       if (IS_ERR(bdev))
+               return bdev;
+
+       err = blkdev_get(bdev, mode, holder);
+       if (err)
+               return ERR_PTR(err);
+
+       if ((mode & FMODE_WRITE) && bdev_read_only(bdev)) {
+               blkdev_put(bdev, mode);
+               return ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
+       }
+
+       return bdev;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_get_by_path);
+
+/**
+ * blkdev_get_by_dev - open a block device by device number
+ * @dev: device number of block device to open
+ * @mode: FMODE_* mask
+ * @holder: exclusive holder identifier
+ *
+ * Open the blockdevice described by device number @dev.  @mode and
+ * @holder are identical to blkdev_get().
+ *
+ * Use it ONLY if you really do not have anything better - i.e. when
+ * you are behind a truly sucky interface and all you are given is a
+ * device number.  _Never_ to be used for internal purposes.  If you
+ * ever need it - reconsider your API.
+ *
+ * On success, the returned block_device has reference count of one.
+ *
+ * CONTEXT:
+ * Might sleep.
+ *
+ * RETURNS:
+ * Pointer to block_device on success, ERR_PTR(-errno) on failure.
+ */
+struct block_device *blkdev_get_by_dev(dev_t dev, fmode_t mode, void *holder)
+{
+       struct block_device *bdev;
+       int err;
+
+       bdev = bdget(dev);
+       if (!bdev)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+       err = blkdev_get(bdev, mode, holder);
+       if (err)
+               return ERR_PTR(err);
+
+       return bdev;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_get_by_dev);
+
 static int blkdev_open(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
 {
        struct block_device *bdev;
-       int res;
 
        /*
         * Preserve backwards compatibility and allow large file access
@@ -1132,21 +1414,7 @@ static int blkdev_open(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
 
        filp->f_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
 
-       res = blkdev_get(bdev, filp->f_mode);
-       if (res)
-               return res;
-
-       if (filp->f_mode & FMODE_EXCL) {
-               res = bd_claim(bdev, filp);
-               if (res)
-                       goto out_blkdev_put;
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-
- out_blkdev_put:
-       blkdev_put(bdev, filp->f_mode);
-       return res;
+       return blkdev_get(bdev, filp->f_mode, filp);
 }
 
 static int __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
@@ -1156,13 +1424,18 @@ static int __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
        struct block_device *victim = NULL;
 
        mutex_lock_nested(&bdev->bd_mutex, for_part);
-       lock_kernel();
        if (for_part)
                bdev->bd_part_count--;
 
        if (!--bdev->bd_openers) {
+               WARN_ON_ONCE(bdev->bd_holders);
                sync_blockdev(bdev);
                kill_bdev(bdev);
+               /* ->release can cause the old bdi to disappear,
+                * so must switch it out first
+                */
+               bdev_inode_switch_bdi(bdev->bd_inode,
+                                       &default_backing_dev_info);
        }
        if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev) {
                if (disk->fops->release)
@@ -1171,17 +1444,16 @@ static int __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
        if (!bdev->bd_openers) {
                struct module *owner = disk->fops->owner;
 
-               put_disk(disk);
-               module_put(owner);
                disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part);
                bdev->bd_part = NULL;
                bdev->bd_disk = NULL;
-               bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = &default_backing_dev_info;
                if (bdev != bdev->bd_contains)
                        victim = bdev->bd_contains;
                bdev->bd_contains = NULL;
+
+               put_disk(disk);
+               module_put(owner);
        }
-       unlock_kernel();
        mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
        bdput(bdev);
        if (victim)
@@ -1191,6 +1463,48 @@ static int __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
 
 int blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
 {
+       mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
+
+       if (mode & FMODE_EXCL) {
+               bool bdev_free;
+
+               /*
+                * Release a claim on the device.  The holder fields
+                * are protected with bdev_lock.  bd_mutex is to
+                * synchronize disk_holder unlinking.
+                */
+               spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
+
+               WARN_ON_ONCE(--bdev->bd_holders < 0);
+               WARN_ON_ONCE(--bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders < 0);
+
+               /* bd_contains might point to self, check in a separate step */
+               if ((bdev_free = !bdev->bd_holders))
+                       bdev->bd_holder = NULL;
+               if (!bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders)
+                       bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder = NULL;
+
+               spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
+
+               /*
+                * If this was the last claim, remove holder link and
+                * unblock evpoll if it was a write holder.
+                */
+               if (bdev_free && bdev->bd_write_holder) {
+                       disk_unblock_events(bdev->bd_disk);
+                       bdev->bd_write_holder = false;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Trigger event checking and tell drivers to flush MEDIA_CHANGE
+        * event.  This is to ensure detection of media removal commanded
+        * from userland - e.g. eject(1).
+        */
+       disk_flush_events(bdev->bd_disk, DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE);
+
+       mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
+
        return __blkdev_put(bdev, mode, 0);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_put);
@@ -1198,8 +1512,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_put);
 static int blkdev_close(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
 {
        struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(filp->f_mapping->host);
-       if (bdev->bd_holder == filp)
-               bd_release(bdev);
+
        return blkdev_put(bdev, filp->f_mode);
 }
 
@@ -1220,6 +1533,33 @@ static long block_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg)
        return blkdev_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Write data to the block device.  Only intended for the block device itself
+ * and the raw driver which basically is a fake block device.
+ *
+ * Does not take i_mutex for the write and thus is not for general purpose
+ * use.
+ */
+ssize_t blkdev_aio_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
+                        unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos)
+{
+       struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
+       ssize_t ret;
+
+       BUG_ON(iocb->ki_pos != pos);
+
+       ret = __generic_file_aio_write(iocb, iov, nr_segs, &iocb->ki_pos);
+       if (ret > 0 || ret == -EIOCBQUEUED) {
+               ssize_t err;
+
+               err = generic_write_sync(file, pos, ret);
+               if (err < 0 && ret > 0)
+                       ret = err;
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blkdev_aio_write);
+
 /*
  * Try to release a page associated with block device when the system
  * is under memory pressure.
@@ -1237,7 +1577,6 @@ static int blkdev_releasepage(struct page *page, gfp_t wait)
 static const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops = {
        .readpage       = blkdev_readpage,
        .writepage      = blkdev_writepage,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
        .write_begin    = blkdev_write_begin,
        .write_end      = blkdev_write_end,
        .writepages     = generic_writepages,
@@ -1252,9 +1591,9 @@ const struct file_operations def_blk_fops = {
        .read           = do_sync_read,
        .write          = do_sync_write,
        .aio_read       = generic_file_aio_read,
-       .aio_write      = generic_file_aio_write_nolock,
+       .aio_write      = blkdev_aio_write,
        .mmap           = generic_file_mmap,
-       .fsync          = block_fsync,
+       .fsync          = blkdev_fsync,
        .unlocked_ioctl = block_ioctl,
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
        .compat_ioctl   = compat_blkdev_ioctl,
@@ -1277,7 +1616,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(ioctl_by_bdev);
 
 /**
  * lookup_bdev  - lookup a struct block_device by name
- * @path:      special file representing the block device
+ * @pathname:  special file representing the block device
  *
  * Get a reference to the blockdevice at @pathname in the current
  * namespace if possible and return it.  Return ERR_PTR(error)
@@ -1317,61 +1656,7 @@ fail:
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lookup_bdev);
 
-/**
- * open_bdev_exclusive  -  open a block device by name and set it up for use
- *
- * @path:      special file representing the block device
- * @mode:      FMODE_... combination to pass be used
- * @holder:    owner for exclusion
- *
- * Open the blockdevice described by the special file at @path, claim it
- * for the @holder.
- */
-struct block_device *open_bdev_exclusive(const char *path, fmode_t mode, void *holder)
-{
-       struct block_device *bdev;
-       int error = 0;
-
-       bdev = lookup_bdev(path);
-       if (IS_ERR(bdev))
-               return bdev;
-
-       error = blkdev_get(bdev, mode);
-       if (error)
-               return ERR_PTR(error);
-       error = -EACCES;
-       if ((mode & FMODE_WRITE) && bdev_read_only(bdev))
-               goto blkdev_put;
-       error = bd_claim(bdev, holder);
-       if (error)
-               goto blkdev_put;
-
-       return bdev;
-       
-blkdev_put:
-       blkdev_put(bdev, mode);
-       return ERR_PTR(error);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(open_bdev_exclusive);
-
-/**
- * close_bdev_exclusive  -  close a blockdevice opened by open_bdev_exclusive()
- *
- * @bdev:      blockdevice to close
- * @mode:      mode, must match that used to open.
- *
- * This is the counterpart to open_bdev_exclusive().
- */
-void close_bdev_exclusive(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
-{
-       bd_release(bdev);
-       blkdev_put(bdev, mode);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(close_bdev_exclusive);
-
-int __invalidate_device(struct block_device *bdev)
+int __invalidate_device(struct block_device *bdev, bool kill_dirty)
 {
        struct super_block *sb = get_super(bdev);
        int res = 0;
@@ -1384,7 +1669,7 @@ int __invalidate_device(struct block_device *bdev)
                 * hold).
                 */
                shrink_dcache_sb(sb);
-               res = invalidate_inodes(sb);
+               res = invalidate_inodes(sb, kill_dirty);
                drop_super(sb);
        }
        invalidate_bdev(bdev);