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1 /*
2  * Kprobe module for testing crash dumps
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7  * (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
17  *
18  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2006
19  *
20  * Author: Ankita Garg <ankita@in.ibm.com>
21  *
22  * This module induces system failures at predefined crashpoints to
23  * evaluate the reliability of crash dumps obtained using different dumping
24  * solutions.
25  *
26  * It is adapted from the Linux Kernel Dump Test Tool by
27  * Fernando Luis Vazquez Cao <http://lkdtt.sourceforge.net>
28  *
29  * Debugfs support added by Simon Kagstrom <simon.kagstrom@netinsight.net>
30  *
31  * See Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt for instructions
32  */
33
34 #include <linux/kernel.h>
35 #include <linux/fs.h>
36 #include <linux/module.h>
37 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
38 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
39 #include <linux/list.h>
40 #include <linux/init.h>
41 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
42 #include <linux/hrtimer.h>
43 #include <linux/slab.h>
44 #include <scsi/scsi_cmnd.h>
45 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
46
47 #ifdef CONFIG_IDE
48 #include <linux/ide.h>
49 #endif
50
51 #define DEFAULT_COUNT 10
52 #define REC_NUM_DEFAULT 10
53
54 enum cname {
55         CN_INVALID,
56         CN_INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY,
57         CN_INT_HW_IRQ_EN,
58         CN_INT_TASKLET_ENTRY,
59         CN_FS_DEVRW,
60         CN_MEM_SWAPOUT,
61         CN_TIMERADD,
62         CN_SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD,
63         CN_IDE_CORE_CP,
64         CN_DIRECT,
65 };
66
67 enum ctype {
68         CT_NONE,
69         CT_PANIC,
70         CT_BUG,
71         CT_EXCEPTION,
72         CT_LOOP,
73         CT_OVERFLOW,
74         CT_CORRUPT_STACK,
75         CT_UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE,
76         CT_OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION,
77         CT_WRITE_AFTER_FREE,
78         CT_SOFTLOCKUP,
79         CT_HARDLOCKUP,
80         CT_HUNG_TASK,
81 };
82
83 static char* cp_name[] = {
84         "INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY",
85         "INT_HW_IRQ_EN",
86         "INT_TASKLET_ENTRY",
87         "FS_DEVRW",
88         "MEM_SWAPOUT",
89         "TIMERADD",
90         "SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD",
91         "IDE_CORE_CP",
92         "DIRECT",
93 };
94
95 static char* cp_type[] = {
96         "PANIC",
97         "BUG",
98         "EXCEPTION",
99         "LOOP",
100         "OVERFLOW",
101         "CORRUPT_STACK",
102         "UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE",
103         "OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION",
104         "WRITE_AFTER_FREE",
105         "SOFTLOCKUP",
106         "HARDLOCKUP",
107         "HUNG_TASK",
108 };
109
110 static struct jprobe lkdtm;
111
112 static int lkdtm_parse_commandline(void);
113 static void lkdtm_handler(void);
114
115 static char* cpoint_name;
116 static char* cpoint_type;
117 static int cpoint_count = DEFAULT_COUNT;
118 static int recur_count = REC_NUM_DEFAULT;
119
120 static enum cname cpoint = CN_INVALID;
121 static enum ctype cptype = CT_NONE;
122 static int count = DEFAULT_COUNT;
123 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(count_lock);
124
125 module_param(recur_count, int, 0644);
126 MODULE_PARM_DESC(recur_count, " Recursion level for the stack overflow test, "\
127                                  "default is 10");
128 module_param(cpoint_name, charp, 0444);
129 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cpoint_name, " Crash Point, where kernel is to be crashed");
130 module_param(cpoint_type, charp, 0444);
131 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cpoint_type, " Crash Point Type, action to be taken on "\
132                                 "hitting the crash point");
133 module_param(cpoint_count, int, 0644);
134 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cpoint_count, " Crash Point Count, number of times the "\
135                                 "crash point is to be hit to trigger action");
136
137 static unsigned int jp_do_irq(unsigned int irq)
138 {
139         lkdtm_handler();
140         jprobe_return();
141         return 0;
142 }
143
144 static irqreturn_t jp_handle_irq_event(unsigned int irq,
145                                        struct irqaction *action)
146 {
147         lkdtm_handler();
148         jprobe_return();
149         return 0;
150 }
151
152 static void jp_tasklet_action(struct softirq_action *a)
153 {
154         lkdtm_handler();
155         jprobe_return();
156 }
157
158 static void jp_ll_rw_block(int rw, int nr, struct buffer_head *bhs[])
159 {
160         lkdtm_handler();
161         jprobe_return();
162 }
163
164 struct scan_control;
165
166 static unsigned long jp_shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long max_scan,
167                                              struct zone *zone,
168                                              struct scan_control *sc)
169 {
170         lkdtm_handler();
171         jprobe_return();
172         return 0;
173 }
174
175 static int jp_hrtimer_start(struct hrtimer *timer, ktime_t tim,
176                             const enum hrtimer_mode mode)
177 {
178         lkdtm_handler();
179         jprobe_return();
180         return 0;
181 }
182
183 static int jp_scsi_dispatch_cmd(struct scsi_cmnd *cmd)
184 {
185         lkdtm_handler();
186         jprobe_return();
187         return 0;
188 }
189
190 #ifdef CONFIG_IDE
191 int jp_generic_ide_ioctl(ide_drive_t *drive, struct file *file,
192                         struct block_device *bdev, unsigned int cmd,
193                         unsigned long arg)
194 {
195         lkdtm_handler();
196         jprobe_return();
197         return 0;
198 }
199 #endif
200
201 /* Return the crashpoint number or NONE if the name is invalid */
202 static enum ctype parse_cp_type(const char *what, size_t count)
203 {
204         int i;
205
206         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cp_type); i++) {
207                 if (!strcmp(what, cp_type[i]))
208                         return i + 1;
209         }
210
211         return CT_NONE;
212 }
213
214 static const char *cp_type_to_str(enum ctype type)
215 {
216         if (type == CT_NONE || type < 0 || type > ARRAY_SIZE(cp_type))
217                 return "None";
218
219         return cp_type[type - 1];
220 }
221
222 static const char *cp_name_to_str(enum cname name)
223 {
224         if (name == CN_INVALID || name < 0 || name > ARRAY_SIZE(cp_name))
225                 return "INVALID";
226
227         return cp_name[name - 1];
228 }
229
230
231 static int lkdtm_parse_commandline(void)
232 {
233         int i;
234         unsigned long flags;
235
236         if (cpoint_count < 1 || recur_count < 1)
237                 return -EINVAL;
238
239         spin_lock_irqsave(&count_lock, flags);
240         count = cpoint_count;
241         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&count_lock, flags);
242
243         /* No special parameters */
244         if (!cpoint_type && !cpoint_name)
245                 return 0;
246
247         /* Neither or both of these need to be set */
248         if (!cpoint_type || !cpoint_name)
249                 return -EINVAL;
250
251         cptype = parse_cp_type(cpoint_type, strlen(cpoint_type));
252         if (cptype == CT_NONE)
253                 return -EINVAL;
254
255         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cp_name); i++) {
256                 if (!strcmp(cpoint_name, cp_name[i])) {
257                         cpoint = i + 1;
258                         return 0;
259                 }
260         }
261
262         /* Could not find a valid crash point */
263         return -EINVAL;
264 }
265
266 static int recursive_loop(int a)
267 {
268         char buf[1024];
269
270         memset(buf,0xFF,1024);
271         recur_count--;
272         if (!recur_count)
273                 return 0;
274         else
275                 return recursive_loop(a);
276 }
277
278 static void lkdtm_do_action(enum ctype which)
279 {
280         switch (which) {
281         case CT_PANIC:
282                 panic("dumptest");
283                 break;
284         case CT_BUG:
285                 BUG();
286                 break;
287         case CT_EXCEPTION:
288                 *((int *) 0) = 0;
289                 break;
290         case CT_LOOP:
291                 for (;;)
292                         ;
293                 break;
294         case CT_OVERFLOW:
295                 (void) recursive_loop(0);
296                 break;
297         case CT_CORRUPT_STACK: {
298                 volatile u32 data[8];
299                 volatile u32 *p = data;
300
301                 p[12] = 0x12345678;
302                 break;
303         }
304         case CT_UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE: {
305                 static u8 data[5] __attribute__((aligned(4))) = {1, 2,
306                                 3, 4, 5};
307                 u32 *p;
308                 u32 val = 0x12345678;
309
310                 p = (u32 *)(data + 1);
311                 if (*p == 0)
312                         val = 0x87654321;
313                 *p = val;
314                  break;
315         }
316         case CT_OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION: {
317                 size_t len = 1020;
318                 u32 *data = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
319
320                 data[1024 / sizeof(u32)] = 0x12345678;
321                 kfree(data);
322                 break;
323         }
324         case CT_WRITE_AFTER_FREE: {
325                 size_t len = 1024;
326                 u32 *data = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
327
328                 kfree(data);
329                 schedule();
330                 memset(data, 0x78, len);
331                 break;
332         }
333         case CT_SOFTLOCKUP:
334                 preempt_disable();
335                 for (;;)
336                         cpu_relax();
337                 break;
338         case CT_HARDLOCKUP:
339                 local_irq_disable();
340                 for (;;)
341                         cpu_relax();
342                 break;
343         case CT_HUNG_TASK:
344                 set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
345                 schedule();
346                 break;
347         case CT_NONE:
348         default:
349                 break;
350         }
351
352 }
353
354 static void lkdtm_handler(void)
355 {
356         unsigned long flags;
357         bool do_it = false;
358
359         spin_lock_irqsave(&count_lock, flags);
360         count--;
361         printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Crash point %s of type %s hit, trigger in %d rounds\n",
362                         cp_name_to_str(cpoint), cp_type_to_str(cptype), count);
363
364         if (count == 0) {
365                 do_it = true;
366                 count = cpoint_count;
367         }
368         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&count_lock, flags);
369
370         if (do_it)
371                 lkdtm_do_action(cptype);
372 }
373
374 static int lkdtm_register_cpoint(enum cname which)
375 {
376         int ret;
377
378         cpoint = CN_INVALID;
379         if (lkdtm.entry != NULL)
380                 unregister_jprobe(&lkdtm);
381
382         switch (which) {
383         case CN_DIRECT:
384                 lkdtm_do_action(cptype);
385                 return 0;
386         case CN_INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY:
387                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "do_IRQ";
388                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_do_irq;
389                 break;
390         case CN_INT_HW_IRQ_EN:
391                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "handle_IRQ_event";
392                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_handle_irq_event;
393                 break;
394         case CN_INT_TASKLET_ENTRY:
395                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "tasklet_action";
396                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_tasklet_action;
397                 break;
398         case CN_FS_DEVRW:
399                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "ll_rw_block";
400                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_ll_rw_block;
401                 break;
402         case CN_MEM_SWAPOUT:
403                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "shrink_inactive_list";
404                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_shrink_inactive_list;
405                 break;
406         case CN_TIMERADD:
407                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "hrtimer_start";
408                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_hrtimer_start;
409                 break;
410         case CN_SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD:
411                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "scsi_dispatch_cmd";
412                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_scsi_dispatch_cmd;
413                 break;
414         case CN_IDE_CORE_CP:
415 #ifdef CONFIG_IDE
416                 lkdtm.kp.symbol_name = "generic_ide_ioctl";
417                 lkdtm.entry = (kprobe_opcode_t*) jp_generic_ide_ioctl;
418 #else
419                 printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Crash point not available\n");
420                 return -EINVAL;
421 #endif
422                 break;
423         default:
424                 printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Invalid Crash Point\n");
425                 return -EINVAL;
426         }
427
428         cpoint = which;
429         if ((ret = register_jprobe(&lkdtm)) < 0) {
430                 printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Couldn't register jprobe\n");
431                 cpoint = CN_INVALID;
432         }
433
434         return ret;
435 }
436
437 static ssize_t do_register_entry(enum cname which, struct file *f,
438                 const char __user *user_buf, size_t count, loff_t *off)
439 {
440         char *buf;
441         int err;
442
443         if (count >= PAGE_SIZE)
444                 return -EINVAL;
445
446         buf = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
447         if (!buf)
448                 return -ENOMEM;
449         if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buf, count)) {
450                 free_page((unsigned long) buf);
451                 return -EFAULT;
452         }
453         /* NULL-terminate and remove enter */
454         buf[count] = '\0';
455         strim(buf);
456
457         cptype = parse_cp_type(buf, count);
458         free_page((unsigned long) buf);
459
460         if (cptype == CT_NONE)
461                 return -EINVAL;
462
463         err = lkdtm_register_cpoint(which);
464         if (err < 0)
465                 return err;
466
467         *off += count;
468
469         return count;
470 }
471
472 /* Generic read callback that just prints out the available crash types */
473 static ssize_t lkdtm_debugfs_read(struct file *f, char __user *user_buf,
474                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
475 {
476         char *buf;
477         int i, n, out;
478
479         buf = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
480
481         n = snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "Available crash types:\n");
482         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cp_type); i++)
483                 n += snprintf(buf + n, PAGE_SIZE - n, "%s\n", cp_type[i]);
484         buf[n] = '\0';
485
486         out = simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf, count, off,
487                                       buf, n);
488         free_page((unsigned long) buf);
489
490         return out;
491 }
492
493 static int lkdtm_debugfs_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
494 {
495         return 0;
496 }
497
498
499 static ssize_t int_hardware_entry(struct file *f, const char __user *buf,
500                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
501 {
502         return do_register_entry(CN_INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY, f, buf, count, off);
503 }
504
505 static ssize_t int_hw_irq_en(struct file *f, const char __user *buf,
506                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
507 {
508         return do_register_entry(CN_INT_HW_IRQ_EN, f, buf, count, off);
509 }
510
511 static ssize_t int_tasklet_entry(struct file *f, const char __user *buf,
512                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
513 {
514         return do_register_entry(CN_INT_TASKLET_ENTRY, f, buf, count, off);
515 }
516
517 static ssize_t fs_devrw_entry(struct file *f, const char __user *buf,
518                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
519 {
520         return do_register_entry(CN_FS_DEVRW, f, buf, count, off);
521 }
522
523 static ssize_t mem_swapout_entry(struct file *f, const char __user *buf,
524                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
525 {
526         return do_register_entry(CN_MEM_SWAPOUT, f, buf, count, off);
527 }
528
529 static ssize_t timeradd_entry(struct file *f, const char __user *buf,
530                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
531 {
532         return do_register_entry(CN_TIMERADD, f, buf, count, off);
533 }
534
535 static ssize_t scsi_dispatch_cmd_entry(struct file *f,
536                 const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *off)
537 {
538         return do_register_entry(CN_SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD, f, buf, count, off);
539 }
540
541 static ssize_t ide_core_cp_entry(struct file *f, const char __user *buf,
542                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
543 {
544         return do_register_entry(CN_IDE_CORE_CP, f, buf, count, off);
545 }
546
547 /* Special entry to just crash directly. Available without KPROBEs */
548 static ssize_t direct_entry(struct file *f, const char __user *user_buf,
549                 size_t count, loff_t *off)
550 {
551         enum ctype type;
552         char *buf;
553
554         if (count >= PAGE_SIZE)
555                 return -EINVAL;
556         if (count < 1)
557                 return -EINVAL;
558
559         buf = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
560         if (!buf)
561                 return -ENOMEM;
562         if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buf, count)) {
563                 free_page((unsigned long) buf);
564                 return -EFAULT;
565         }
566         /* NULL-terminate and remove enter */
567         buf[count] = '\0';
568         strim(buf);
569
570         type = parse_cp_type(buf, count);
571         free_page((unsigned long) buf);
572         if (type == CT_NONE)
573                 return -EINVAL;
574
575         printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Performing direct entry %s\n",
576                         cp_type_to_str(type));
577         lkdtm_do_action(type);
578         *off += count;
579
580         return count;
581 }
582
583 struct crash_entry {
584         const char *name;
585         const struct file_operations fops;
586 };
587
588 static const struct crash_entry crash_entries[] = {
589         {"DIRECT", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
590                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
591                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
592                         .write = direct_entry} },
593         {"INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
594                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
595                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
596                         .write = int_hardware_entry} },
597         {"INT_HW_IRQ_EN", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
598                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
599                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
600                         .write = int_hw_irq_en} },
601         {"INT_TASKLET_ENTRY", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
602                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
603                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
604                         .write = int_tasklet_entry} },
605         {"FS_DEVRW", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
606                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
607                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
608                         .write = fs_devrw_entry} },
609         {"MEM_SWAPOUT", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
610                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
611                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
612                         .write = mem_swapout_entry} },
613         {"TIMERADD", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
614                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
615                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
616                         .write = timeradd_entry} },
617         {"SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
618                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
619                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
620                         .write = scsi_dispatch_cmd_entry} },
621         {"IDE_CORE_CP", {.read = lkdtm_debugfs_read,
622                         .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
623                         .open = lkdtm_debugfs_open,
624                         .write = ide_core_cp_entry} },
625 };
626
627 static struct dentry *lkdtm_debugfs_root;
628
629 static int __init lkdtm_module_init(void)
630 {
631         int ret = -EINVAL;
632         int n_debugfs_entries = 1; /* Assume only the direct entry */
633         int i;
634
635         /* Register debugfs interface */
636         lkdtm_debugfs_root = debugfs_create_dir("provoke-crash", NULL);
637         if (!lkdtm_debugfs_root) {
638                 printk(KERN_ERR "lkdtm: creating root dir failed\n");
639                 return -ENODEV;
640         }
641
642 #ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
643         n_debugfs_entries = ARRAY_SIZE(crash_entries);
644 #endif
645
646         for (i = 0; i < n_debugfs_entries; i++) {
647                 const struct crash_entry *cur = &crash_entries[i];
648                 struct dentry *de;
649
650                 de = debugfs_create_file(cur->name, 0644, lkdtm_debugfs_root,
651                                 NULL, &cur->fops);
652                 if (de == NULL) {
653                         printk(KERN_ERR "lkdtm: could not create %s\n",
654                                         cur->name);
655                         goto out_err;
656                 }
657         }
658
659         if (lkdtm_parse_commandline() == -EINVAL) {
660                 printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Invalid command\n");
661                 goto out_err;
662         }
663
664         if (cpoint != CN_INVALID && cptype != CT_NONE) {
665                 ret = lkdtm_register_cpoint(cpoint);
666                 if (ret < 0) {
667                         printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Invalid crash point %d\n",
668                                         cpoint);
669                         goto out_err;
670                 }
671                 printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Crash point %s of type %s registered\n",
672                                 cpoint_name, cpoint_type);
673         } else {
674                 printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: No crash points registered, enable through debugfs\n");
675         }
676
677         return 0;
678
679 out_err:
680         debugfs_remove_recursive(lkdtm_debugfs_root);
681         return ret;
682 }
683
684 static void __exit lkdtm_module_exit(void)
685 {
686         debugfs_remove_recursive(lkdtm_debugfs_root);
687
688         unregister_jprobe(&lkdtm);
689         printk(KERN_INFO "lkdtm: Crash point unregistered\n");
690 }
691
692 module_init(lkdtm_module_init);
693 module_exit(lkdtm_module_exit);
694
695 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");